Articles

Every article in the library, newest first.

Intravitreal injection: an ophthalmologist performing a sterile intravitreal injection under the operating microscope, with the patient draped and a lid speculum in place

Intravitreal Injection Therapy: The Procedure Behind the Molecule

OCT angiography: a colour fundus image alongside segmented en-face angiograms of the superficial capillary plexus, deep capillary plexus and choriocapillaris from the same macular scan

OCT Angiography: Vascular Imaging Without a Dye

Diabetic retinopathy screening image: a colour fundus photograph showing hard exudates, microaneurysms and dot haemorrhages - the lesions an automated screening algorithm is trained to detect

AI Diabetic Retinopathy Screening: What the Algorithm Actually Does

Pars plana vitrectomy: intraoperative view showing surgical instruments introduced through pars plana sclerotomies, with the eye viewed under the operating microscope

Pars Plana Vitrectomy: The Platform Behind Modern Retinal Surgery

Panretinal photocoagulation: a regular pattern of pale, confluent laser burns spread across the peripheral retina while sparing the macula and the papillomacular bundle

Panretinal Photocoagulation: Still the Standard Against Which New Treatments Are Judged

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy: a fine network of abnormal new vessels arising at the optic disc, the VEGF-driven neovascularisation targeted by anti-VEGF therapy

Anti-VEGF Therapy: Five Molecules, One Target

Retinopathy of prematurity classification: diagram of the right and left eyes showing zone I, zone II, posterior zone II and zone III boundaries with clock-hour sectors used to describe the extent of disease

ROP Treatment: Laser, Anti-VEGF, and How to Choose

Retinitis pigmentosa: mid-stage fundus showing bone-spicule pigment deposits in the mid-periphery, attenuated retinal arterioles and a waxy pale optic disc

Gene Therapy for Inherited Retinal Disease: A Single Injection, A Single Gene

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: fundus photograph showing a markedly swollen, elevated optic disc with blurred margins, obscured vessels crossing the disc edge and peripapillary hemorrhages

Neuro-ophthalmology

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: The Headache That Quietly Takes the Visual Field

Optic atrophy: fundus photograph showing a chalky white, pale optic disc (arrowed) with clearly defined margins and attenuated surface capillaries

Neuro-ophthalmology

Optic Atrophy: The Pale Disc Is the Scar, Not the Diagnosis